Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)

What is Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)?

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) refers to a group of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, and hypertension. These conditions can lead to serious health issues such as heart attacks and strokes, making early diagnosis and management crucial.

Symptoms of Cardiovascular Disease May Include:

Chest pain or discomfort (angina)
Shortness of breath
Fatigue
Dizziness or fainting
Swelling in the legs, ankles, or feet
Irregular heartbeat (palpitations)

Facts About Cardiovascular Disease

Cardiovascular Disease is the leading cause of death globally, responsible for nearly 18 million deaths annually. In the United States, CVD accounts for approximately one in every four deaths. More than 82 million American adults live with one or more types of cardiovascular disease.

Who is at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease?

Risk factors for cardiovascular disease may include:

Genetics: Family history of heart disease can increase your risk.
Sex: Men are generally at higher risk earlier in life, but the risk for women increases and eventually equals that of men as they age.
Age: The risk of cardiovascular disease increases with age.
Race or Ethnicity: African Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans are at higher risk for certain types of CVD.
Environment: Exposure to secondhand smoke, air pollution, and other environmental factors can contribute to CVD.
Other Risk Factors: High blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, diabetes, and a sedentary lifestyle are significant contributors to cardiovascular disease.

Diagnosis & Management

Cardiovascular disease is diagnosed through a combination of physical exams, blood tests, imaging tests (like ECGs or MRIs), and other specialized procedures such as angiography. Early detection is critical for effective management and treatment.

Treatment Options for Cardiovascular Disease

Medical and Pharmaceutical Treatments

Medications: Blood pressure medications, cholesterol-lowering drugs, and antiplatelet agents are commonly prescribed to manage CVD.
Surgical Interventions: Procedures like angioplasty, stenting, or bypass surgery may be necessary for severe cases.

Lifestyle Interventions

Dietary Changes: A heart-healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can help manage CVD.
Physical Activity: Regular exercise strengthens the heart and improves overall cardiovascular health.
Smoking Cessation: Quitting smoking dramatically reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Have you been diagnosed with cardiovascular disease?

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Resources

CIS does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. The content provided is for informational purposes only.

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